Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. They can vary in size, with some being as small as a grain of sand, while others grow to the size of a pebble or even a golf ball.
This blog aims to shed light on what kidney stones’ symptoms, causes, and various treatment options.
Symptoms of kidney stones
The primary symptom of a kidney stone is intense pain, which usually starts when the stone moves into the urinary tract, blocking the flow of urine. This pain can be sharp and fluctuating, often described as one of the most severe types of pain imaginable.
Other symptoms include:
· Pain on one side of your back or abdomen
· Blood in urine, making it pink, red, or brown
· Nausea and vomiting
· Frequent urge to urinate
· Fever and chills, if an infection is present
What Causes Kidney Stones?
Several factors can contribute to the formation of kidney stones, including:
· Dehydration
· Obesity
· Medical conditions like gout
· Family history
· Diet: High intake of salt, sugar, and animal protein might trigger stone formation.
Diagnosing Kidney Stones
If you suspect you have a kidney stone, a healthcare provider may recommend:
· Blood tests
· Urine tests
· Imaging tests like CT scans to visualize the stones
Treatment Tactics
Treatment depends on the stone’s size and type:
· Small stones may pass on their own, aided by pain relievers and lots of water.
· Larger stones might require more extensive treatment, such as:
o shock wave lithotripsy (breaking the stone into small pieces)
o a ureteroscopy (removing stones via a thin scope), or surgery for very large stones.
Prevention: Your Best Defense
Preventing kidney stones is often a matter of lifestyle changes:
· Stay hydrated
· Eat a balanced diet with less salt and animal protein
· Maintain a healthy weight
· Monitor your calcium and oxalate intake
Conclusion
Kidney stones, while painful, are usually manageable and often preventable. Understanding their causes and symptoms is key to prompt and effective treatment. If you are experiencing symptoms of kidney stones or have concerns about your risk, consult with your healthcare provider for guidance and personalized care.
